Python int or Integer

1. Python integer values

In Python, an int or integer is:

• a whole number without decimal
• positive, negative or zero
• of unlimited length
• may contain underscores to improve readability

int values in python

x = 10 y = 12345678987654321 z = 12_34_56   print(x)            # 10 print(y)            # 12345678987654321 print(z)            # 123456

2. Integers can be octal and hex

In python, we can represent the integers in the octal or hexadecimal representation also.

• Octal and hexadecimal numbers can be negative, but cannot be written in the exponential form.
• Octals are prefixed with '0o' (zero followed by the letter “o”) and contains digits from 0 to 7.
• Hexadecimals prefixed with '0x' (zero followed by the letter “x” – uppercase or lowercase) and contains digits from 0 to 9 or letters from A to F (uppercase or lowercase).

octal and hex integers

octalInt = 0o22 hexInt = 0xAA   print(octalInt)     # 18 print(hexInt)       # 170

3. Arithmetic operations

3.1. Addition, subtraction, multiplication and devision

These operations are pretty much similar to other languages.

The standard operation of division, which is performed by the / operator, generally returns a floating-point result. Use the floor division operator // to remove the digits after the decimal point.

• x / y : returns quotient of x and y
• x // y : returns (floored) quotient of x and y
• x % y : remainder of x / y
• divmod(x, y) : the pair (x // y, x % y)

add, subtract, multiply, divide

x = 22 y = 5   print (x + y)           # Prints 27 print (x - y)           # Prints 17 print (x * y)           # Prints 110   print (x / y)           # Prints 4.4 print (x // y)          # Prints 4 print (x % y)           # Prints 2 print ( divmod(x, y) )  # Prints (4, 2)

3.2. Increment and decrement

• Increment (+=x) adds x to the operand.
• Decrement (-=x) subtracts x to the operand.

Increment and decrement integer values

x = 10 y = 10   x += 1 print (x)   # Prints 11   x += 5 print (x)   # Prints 16   y -= 1 print (y)   # Prints 9   y -= 5 print (y)   # Prints 4

3.3. Exponent

Exponential calculation is possible using ** operator.

Exponent values

x = 10 y = 2   print (x ** y)  # Prints 100

4. isinstance to check type

If you want to verify if an integer belongs to the class int you can use isinstance.

int type

x = 10   print( isinstance(x, int) ) # Prints True

5. Convert Integer to String

Use string constructor str().

int to str

x = 10   valueOfX = str( x )     # '10'

6. Convert String to Integer

Use integer constructor int().

int to str

valueOfX = '10'   x = int( valueOfX )     # 10